Interviewer Should Use Ethology
Akram Dashtban
Translated by Ruhollah Golmoradi
2018-07-03
The following text was prepared based on the call for questions on oral history in which from perspective of one of those who has produced works by using this method, the question "what are characteristics of oral history interview questions?" has been answered.
Saying that there are so many books on how news interviews have been published and one of main strategies in oral history interview is interviewee's intimacy with memory teller, Hasan Shirdel added, "An interview in oral history which is conducted by interviewer is different from news interview. In an interview of oral history, interviewer should use psychological techniques and know ethology. When he/she goes to a warrior to record his memories, she/he has to study lives of people who had experienced the war, or narrator's friends from whom some books have been published before asking and conducting the interview; or, if she/he does not have access to books, attend in their friendly meetings so that she/he can communicate with interviewee or narrator's living environment and ask applied questions based on it. When interviewer goes to narrator with this background, he/she can persuade narrator to carefully remember memories with challenging questions derived from similar experiences. Interviewer in oral history walks on the edge of the sword, and if he/she makes a mistake, he/she enters story space, and if proceed properly it would be the same oral history.
Pointing out that for oral history in field of activity of this method in our country there is still no original and defined basis for interview, he says, "no fundamental basis have been adjusted and determined in Hozeh Honari as a center that addresses this topic. In our country, one who wants to go to story writing read books of Ebrahim Younesi and Jamal Mirsadeghi and by referring to their books will become familiar with framework of story writing; but in field of oral history, there has not been any book in subject of biography interview, so each person raise a subject as he/she likes and writes a book, and then wrestle with whether introduce the book as memory or oral history.
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